# Publications

Understanding US foreign military sales globally since 2008: an analysis of a new dataset

This paper introduces a new and unique dataset of all United States Foreign Military Sales (FMS) programme notifications from 2008 to September 2025. The dataset covers purchasing countries, specific equipment ...

9th November 2025 by Juan Mejino-López, Javier Octavio Ospital Greslebin, Guntram B. Wolff 16 views

# Publications

Europe’s dependence on US foreign military sales and what to do about it

Our Bruegel policy brief is available here. Press: Financial Times, FAZ , El Pais, Oped: Handelsblatt, La libre belgique, To vima, Rzeczpospolita, Economista, Executive summary Worries about Europe’s dependence on the Un...

14th October 2025 by Juan Mejino-Lopez, Guntram Wolff 23 views

# Blog, Publications

In the new geopolitical context, Europe’s banking discussions need to go beyond competitiveness

Europe has recently pivoted to regulatory simplification with the aim to boost competitiveness. This column argues that in banking the debate needs to go beyond competitiveness and be embedded within a broader strategic ...

17th July 2025 by Mathias Dewatripont Peter Praet Andre Sapir Guntram B. Wolff 37 views

# Publications

Climate change mitigation and the preservation of nature: towards a joint-up agenda

Our new paper is out as a CEPR chapter available here....

1st July 2025 by Heather Grabbe, Jean Pisani-Ferry, Simone Tagliapietra, Guntram Wolff 33 views

# Publications

Fit for war by 2030? European rearmament efforts vis-à-vis Russia

A new report for Bruegel and Kiel can be downloaded here....

22nd June 2025 by Alexandr Burilkov, Katelyn Bushnell, Juan Mejino-Lopez, Thomas Morgan, Guntram Wolff 37 views

# Publications

The governance and funding of European rearmament

Europe must accelerate rearmament through deeper cooperation and innovative governance to counter Russia’s aggression and shifting US policies. Our policy presented at the informal ECOFIN meeting in Warsaw on 12 April (l...

8th April 2025 by Guntram Wolff, Armin Steinbach, Jeromin Zettelmeyer 55 views

# Publications

Defending Europe without the US: first estimates of what is needed

Study for Bruegel and Kiel Institute. Lot’s of press coverage, including FT, Politico, Economist, FAZ, Spiegel, Bloomberg, Le Monde, AFP, Les Echos, a video discussion on Deutsche Welle and many many others. Also r...

24th February 2025 by Alex Burilkov, Guntram Wolff 71 views

# Publications

Getting serious about European defence intergration: The European Defence Community precedent

a working paper published here....

# Blog, Publications

Can American Abandonment Help Europe?

The Continent Has a Chance to Address Its Own Weaknesses – Our piece in Foreign Affairs...

7th January 2025 by Arancha González Laya, Camille Grand, Katarzyna Pisarska, Nathalie Tocci, and Guntram Wolff 77 views

# Blog, Publications

The US defence industrial base can no longer reliably supply Europe

Europe has long relied on US weapons but the US military industrial base faces constraints and its production may be redirected elsewhere. Our piece for Bruegel....

18th December 2024 by Alexander Burilkov, Juan Mejino López, Guntram Wolff 76 views